d3.time.format = function(template) {

  var n = template.length;

  function format(date) {

    var string = [],

        i = -1,

        j = 0,

        c,

        f;

    while (++i < n) {

      if (template.charCodeAt(i) == 37) {

        string.push(

            template.substring(j, i),

            (f = d3_time_formats[c = template.charAt(++i)])

            ? f(date) : c);

        j = i + 1;

      }

    }

    string.push(template.substring(j, i));

    return string.join("");

  }

  format.parse = function(string) {

    var date = new d3_time(1900, 0, 1),

        i = d3_time_parse(date, template, string, 0);

    if (i != string.length) return null;

    if (date.hour12) {

      var hours = date.getHours() % 12;

      date.setHours(date.hour12pm ? hours + 12 : hours);

    }

    delete date.hour12;

    delete date.hour12pm;

    return date;

  };

  format.toString = function() {

    return template;

  };

  return format;

};

function d3_time_parse(date, template, string, j) {

  var c,

      p,

      i = 0,

      n = template.length,

      m = string.length;

  while (i < n) {

    if (j >= m) return -1;

    c = template.charCodeAt(i++);

    if (c == 37) {

      p = d3_time_parsers[template.charAt(i++)];

      if (!p || ((j = p(date, string, j)) < 0)) return -1;

    } else if (c != string.charCodeAt(j++)) {

      return -1;

    }

  }

  return j;

}

var d3_time_zfill2 = d3.format("02d"),

    d3_time_zfill3 = d3.format("03d"),

    d3_time_zfill4 = d3.format("04d"),

    d3_time_sfill2 = d3.format("2d");

var d3_time_formats = {

  a: function(d) { return d3_time_weekdays[d.getDay()].substring(0, 3); },

  A: function(d) { return d3_time_weekdays[d.getDay()]; },

  b: function(d) { return d3_time_months[d.getMonth()].substring(0, 3); },

  B: function(d) { return d3_time_months[d.getMonth()]; },

  c: d3.time.format("%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y"),

  d: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getDate()); },

  e: function(d) { return d3_time_sfill2(d.getDate()); },

  H: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getHours()); },

  I: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getHours() % 12 || 12); },

  j: d3_time_dayOfYear,

  L: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill3(d.getMilliseconds()); },

  m: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getMonth() + 1); },

  M: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getMinutes()); },

  p: function(d) { return d.getHours() >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM"; },

  S: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getSeconds()); },

  U: d3_time_weekNumberSunday,

  w: function(d) { return d.getDay(); },

  W: d3_time_weekNumberMonday,

  x: d3.time.format("%m/%d/%y"),

  X: d3.time.format("%H:%M:%S"),

  y: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getFullYear() % 100); },

  Y: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill4(d.getFullYear() % 10000); },

  Z: d3_time_zone,

  "%": function(d) { return "%"; }

};

var d3_time_parsers = {

  a: d3_time_parseWeekdayAbbrev,

  A: d3_time_parseWeekday,

  b: d3_time_parseMonthAbbrev,

  B: d3_time_parseMonth,

  c: d3_time_parseLocaleFull,

  d: d3_time_parseDay,

  e: d3_time_parseDay,

  H: d3_time_parseHour24,

  I: d3_time_parseHour12,

  // j: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO day of year [001,366] */ return i; },

  L: d3_time_parseMilliseconds,

  m: d3_time_parseMonthNumber,

  M: d3_time_parseMinutes,

  p: d3_time_parseAmPm,

  S: d3_time_parseSeconds,

  // U: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO week number (sunday) [00,53] */ return i; },

  // w: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO weekday [0,6] */ return i; },

  // W: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO week number (monday) [00,53] */ return i; },

  x: d3_time_parseLocaleDate,

  X: d3_time_parseLocaleTime,

  y: d3_time_parseYear,

  Y: d3_time_parseFullYear

  // ,

  // Z: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO time zone */ return i; },

  // "%": function(d, s, i) { /*TODO literal % */ return i; }

};

// Note: weekday is validated, but does not set the date.

function d3_time_parseWeekdayAbbrev(date, string, i) {

  return string.substring(i, i += 3).toLowerCase() in d3_time_weekdayAbbrevLookup ? i : -1;

}

var d3_time_weekdayAbbrevLookup = {

  sun: 3,

  mon: 3,

  tue: 3,

  wed: 3,

  thu: 3,

  fri: 3,

  sat: 3

};

// Note: weekday is validated, but does not set the date.

function d3_time_parseWeekday(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_weekdayRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_weekdayRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 10));

  return n ? i += n[0].length : -1;

}

var d3_time_weekdayRe = /^(?:Sunday|Monday|Tuesday|Wednesday|Thursday|Friday|Saturday)/ig;

var d3_time_weekdays = [

  "Sunday",

  "Monday",

  "Tuesday",

  "Wednesday",

  "Thursday",

  "Friday",

  "Saturday"

];

function d3_time_parseMonthAbbrev(date, string, i) {

  var n = d3_time_monthAbbrevLookup[string.substring(i, i += 3).toLowerCase()];

  return n == null ? -1 : (date.setMonth(n), i);

}

var d3_time_monthAbbrevLookup = {

  jan: 0,

  feb: 1,

  mar: 2,

  apr: 3,

  may: 4,

  jun: 5,

  jul: 6,

  aug: 7,

  sep: 8,

  oct: 9,

  nov: 10,

  dec: 11

};

function d3_time_parseMonth(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_monthRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_monthRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 12));

  return n ? (date.setMonth(d3_time_monthLookup[n[0].toLowerCase()]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

var d3_time_monthRe = /^(?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)/ig;

var d3_time_monthLookup = {

  january: 0,

  february: 1,

  march: 2,

  april: 3,

  may: 4,

  june: 5,

  july: 6,

  august: 7,

  september: 8,

  october: 9,

  november: 10,

  december: 11

};

var d3_time_months = [

  "January",

  "February",

  "March",

  "April",

  "May",

  "June",

  "July",

  "August",

  "September",

  "October",

  "November",

  "December"

];

function d3_time_parseLocaleFull(date, string, i) {

  return d3_time_parse(date, d3_time_formats.c.toString(), string, i);

}

function d3_time_parseLocaleDate(date, string, i) {

  return d3_time_parse(date, d3_time_formats.x.toString(), string, i);

}

function d3_time_parseLocaleTime(date, string, i) {

  return d3_time_parse(date, d3_time_formats.X.toString(), string, i);

}

function d3_time_parseFullYear(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 4));

  return n ? (date.setFullYear(n[0]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

function d3_time_parseYear(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));

  return n ? (date.setFullYear(d3_time_century() + +n[0]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

function d3_time_century() {

  return ~~(new Date().getFullYear() / 1000) * 1000;

}

function d3_time_parseMonthNumber(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));

  return n ? (date.setMonth(n[0] - 1), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

function d3_time_parseDay(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));

  return n ? (date.setDate(+n[0]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

// Note: we don't validate that the hour is in the range [0,23].

function d3_time_parseHour24(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));

  return n ? (date.setHours(+n[0]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

// Note: we don't validate that the hour is in the range [1,12].

function d3_time_parseHour12(date, string, i) {

  date.hour12 = true;

  return d3_time_parseHour24(date, string, i);

}

function d3_time_parseMinutes(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));

  return n ? (date.setMinutes(+n[0]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

function d3_time_parseSeconds(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));

  return n ? (date.setSeconds(+n[0]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

function d3_time_parseMilliseconds(date, string, i) {

  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;

  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 3));

  return n ? (date.setMilliseconds(+n[0]), i += n[0].length) : -1;

}

// Note: we don't look at the next directive.

var d3_time_numberRe = /\s*\d+/;

function d3_time_parseAmPm(date, string, i) {

  var n = d3_time_amPmLookup[string.substring(i, i += 2).toLowerCase()];

  return n == null ? -1 : (date.hour12pm = n, i);

}

var d3_time_amPmLookup = {

  am: 0,

  pm: 1

};

function d3_time_year(d) {

  return new d3_time(d.getFullYear(), 0, 1);

}

function d3_time_daysElapsed(d0, d1) {

  return ~~((d1 - d0) / 864e5 - (d1.getTimezoneOffset() - d0.getTimezoneOffset()) / 1440);

}

function d3_time_dayOfYear(d) {

  return d3_time_zfill3(1 + d3_time_daysElapsed(d3_time_year(d), d));

}

function d3_time_weekNumberSunday(d) {

  var d0 = d3_time_year(d);

  return d3_time_zfill2(~~((d3_time_daysElapsed(d0, d) + d0.getDay()) / 7));

}

function d3_time_weekNumberMonday(d) {

  var d0 = d3_time_year(d);

  return d3_time_zfill2(~~((d3_time_daysElapsed(d0, d) + (d0.getDay() + 6) % 7) / 7));

}

// TODO table of time zone offset names?

function d3_time_zone(d) {

  var z = d.getTimezoneOffset(),

      zs = z > 0 ? "-" : "+",

      zh = ~~(Math.abs(z) / 60),

      zm = Math.abs(z) % 60;

  return zs + d3_time_zfill2(zh) + d3_time_zfill2(zm);

}